Mbere nĩ tũthimaga maciaro. Thuutha ũcio tũgaaka mũtaratara wothe.

Kenya ndĩrĩ kĩama kĩmwe kĩa irio tawe NAFDAC. Ũgitĩri wa irio ũrĩ moko-inĩ ma Ministry of Health na Port Health Services ciayo, kũringana na Food, Drugs and Chemical Substances Act (Cap. 254) na Public Health Act (Cap. 242), nayo matangathi ma ũgima wa mwĩrĩ ma kaontĩ nĩmo maheanaga rũũthi kũrĩ handũ irio ithondekagĩrwo. Ũiganĩri wa indo na ũiganĩri wa indo irehagwo kuuma kũngĩ ũrĩ harĩ Kenya Bureau of Standards (KEBS), na ningĩ mĩtaratara ya ũthondeki no ĩkorwo yoonganĩte na Agriculture and Food Authority, KEPHIS, Kenya Dairy Board kana Directorate of Veterinary Services. Menya na ma kĩrĩa kĩa icio gĩkoniĩ indo ciaku.

Kenya ĩrũmagĩrĩra njĩra ya kũhe rũũthi handũ harĩa wĩra ũrutagwo, hamwe na ũtĩkĩrio wa indo, handũ ha namba ĩmwe ya kwĩyandĩkithia indo. Kũringana na ũrĩa wĩra ũrutagwo, mũrutithia wĩra nĩabataraga Food Hygiene Licence kuuma kaontĩ, kana kuuma MoH Port Health Services harĩ handũ ha bandari na ha kũrehe na kuumia indo, Single Business Permit ya kaontĩ, rũũthi rwa NEMA rwa gũthima ũrĩa fatarĩ ĩkũhutia mũtũũro, rũũthi rwa KEBS Standardization Mark harĩ o kĩndũ gĩthondeketwo gũkũ bũrũri kĩrĩa kĩrĩ harĩ Kenya Standard ya bata, na kwĩyandĩkithia harĩ mũthemba wa wĩra harĩa gũkũbatarania. Irio iria ithondeketwo cia ndũire itiyandĩkithagio o ĩmwe ta ũrĩa gwĩkagwo Nigeria kana Ghana, no mũrutithia wĩra wa Kenya nĩ agĩrĩirwo gũthuthuria rũtaraa rwothe rũkoniĩ indo ciake na kaontĩ yake.

Gũthima gũthiiaga na Food Hygiene Regulations iria ciathondeketwo harĩ Cap. 254, na Public Health Checklist for Food Hygiene Licensing ya Ministry of Health, hamwe na Public Health Act (Cap. 242). Legal Notice 106 of 1978 na Legal Notice 425 of 1988 ciandĩkĩtwo ta mawatho meerĩ matiganĩte harĩ Cap. 254, ti ta rĩandĩko rĩmwe rĩgarũrĩtwo; nĩ ũndũ ũcio rĩrĩa rĩrutaga wĩra ũmũthĩ nĩ rĩagĩrĩirwo kũmenyekithanio na Kenya Law mbere ya kũgwetwo thĩinĩ wa ihoya. KEBS ningĩ ĩrutaga mawatho ma ũtheru ma East Africa marĩa metĩkĩrĩtio harĩ ũthondeki wa irio na indo cia kũnyua, hamwe na KS ISO 22000. Ũrĩa fatarĩ ĩhaarĩrĩtwo, njĩra cia maaĩ ma gĩko, indo iria yakĩtwo nacio na njĩra cia gũkinya handũ ha gũthambia, nĩ ciagĩrĩirwo gũthuthuurio kũringana na rĩandĩko rĩrĩa rĩkoniĩ wĩra ũcio.

Pre-Export Verification of Conformity ĩrũgamĩrĩrwo nĩ KEBS kũringana na Standards Act (Cap. 496) na Legal Notice No. 78 of 2020; athuthuria arĩa maathuurĩtwo ta athiritũ nĩo mathimaga indo kũu bũrũri kũrĩa indo ciumĩte, na makaheana Certificate of Conformity ĩrĩa ĩhũthagĩrwo ta rĩandĩko rĩa kũruta indo kathuma-inĩ. Mĩcini ya ndũire ya ũthondeki ĩtionekaga harĩ rũtaraa rwa indo iria no nginya ikuue Certificate of Conformity kuuma bũrũri kũrĩa ciumĩte, no indo imwe iria kaingĩ ciumaga hamwe na mũtaratara wa kũũmithia kana wa ũthondeki nĩ cionekaga kuo — mĩtambo ya kũhehereria na ya kũgwatia heho (HS 84.18), mota cia thitima na njenereta (HS 85.01) na mĩtambo ya kũruta thitima (HS 85.02). Ũrĩa mĩcini ya kũũmithia na ĩyo ya wĩra wa irio yonagwo harĩ rũtaraa rũu ti ũndũ wa gwĩciiria o ũguo, na ningĩ PVoC manual nĩ ĩgarũrĩtwo kuuma ĩrĩa yarutĩtwo harĩ Kenya Trade Information Portal; nĩ ũndũ ũcio reke KEBS kana mũthiritũ ũrĩa ũthuurĩtwo ametĩkĩrithie o mũtaratara wa HS ũrĩ thĩinĩ wa indo irareehwo, mbere ya gũtwarwo. Athondeki a gũkũ bũrũri arĩa meyandĩkithĩtie no mahooye KEBS mwanya ũrekererio (exemption) ũkoniĩ mĩcini na tũcunjĩ twa mĩcini marĩa marehaga nĩ ũndũ wa wĩra wao kĩũmbe; ũcio nĩ njĩra ya kũhooya, ti kĩhooto kĩrĩa kĩheanagwo o ũguo, na nĩ kwagĩrĩire kwambĩrĩrio tene.

Kũringana na ũrĩa indo ciathuuranĩtio, mũrehi wa indo na mũthondeki wa marĩandĩko ma kathuma no mabatare invoice ya wonjoria, rũtaraa rwa indo iria ciohetwo na marĩandĩko ma meeri, Certificate of Conformity ya KEBS kana, harĩa indo ciakinya itarĩ nayo, Local Certificate of Conformity thuutha wa gũthuthurio kũu indo ciakinya, makĩrĩha mbeca, rũũthi rwa Import Standardization Mark harĩa indo irenderio thoko ya gũkũ bũrũri, na ũtĩkĩrio o wothe wa ũrekererio kuuma KEBS. Mandĩko ma kuumbũra indo na marĩa ma rũũthi mahetanagwo kũrĩ Kenya Revenue Authority Customs kũgereria mũromo ũmwe wa ĩndanetĩ wa KenTrade. Mũrehi wa indo wa Kenya na mũthondeki wa marĩandĩko ma kathuma nĩ magĩrĩirwo gũthuthuria rũtaraa rũu na kĩyo.

Ti watho ũmwe ũkoniĩ fatarĩ ciothe. Mawatho ma Cap. 254 na checklist ya kaontĩ ya kũheana rũũthi nĩ mabataraga mĩrũgamĩrĩri ya ũtheru na ya ũgitĩri wa irio, na mĩrũgamĩrĩri ĩthondeketwo na njĩra ya HACCP no ĩbataranio nĩ agũri, nĩ mabũrũri kũrĩa indo cierekagĩrio, kana nĩ Kenya Standard ĩmwe nyene. Ũtĩkĩrio wa KS ISO 22000 nĩ ũtĩkĩrio ũngĩ mwanya ũheanagwo nĩ kĩama kĩa gatatũ, na kana nĩ ũbataranio kana ti, ũndũ ũcio ũthiiaga kũringana na mũgũri na thoko ĩrĩa ĩratungatĩrwo.

Ithangũ rĩĩrĩ rĩtiugaga atĩ kũrĩ ũtĩkĩrio wa Kenya ũhingĩrĩirie mĩcini yothe, kana atĩ mũcini o wothe wĩtĩkĩrĩtio nĩ Kenya. GEM Foodtech no ĩarĩrĩrie ithimi cia ũinjinia, indo iria ihutanagia na irio, na marĩandĩko ma ũũgĩ marĩa marĩ ho ma mũtaratara ũrĩa ũrabangĩrwo. Ũiganĩri harĩ KEBS, ũrĩa PVoC ĩkuona mĩcini ĩyo, na rũũthi kana ũrekererio o wothe, no nginya ithuthurio na imenyeke harĩ mũcini ũcio na kathuma kau nĩ mwene wĩra ũcio wa Kenya, hamwe na KEBS, mbere ya mĩtambo gũtwarwo.

Gĩkundi gitũ kĩa ainjinia no gĩthuthurie indo iria ihutanagia na irio, ũhuthũ wa gũthambia na njĩra cia CIP, mũtaratara wa ũthondeki, njĩra cia maaĩ ma gĩko, na mabataro ma thitima, maaĩ na ndoi, hĩndĩ ya gũthondeka mũcoro; na gĩcooke kũheana marĩandĩko marĩa mwene wĩra wa Kenya abataraga harĩ ihoya ciake. Gwĩtĩkĩrio gwa handũ fatarĩ ĩgaakwo, Food Hygiene Licence, rũũthi rwa S-Mark, rũũthi rwa NEMA na kũruta indo kathuma-inĩ, maya mothe matigĩte marĩ wĩra wa mwene wĩra ũcio wa Kenya na wa ciama iria ikoniĩ.